Here is Chemistry 12 Syllabus 2025. In this article, we have discussed the relevant chapter which have been suggested by both Ncert and CBSE board. Therefore, this article is important for any one either they are preparing for 12 CBSE board or the board exams of other states. Students are preparing either in Hindi medium or in English medium, every one will have to follow this syllabus completely. In this article, we have included theoratical and Practical syllabus with required periods and distribution of marks. This will help students to complete their course in suitable manner and in proper time.
This syllabus will be also very much helpful for the students who are preparing for the entrance exams like Jee(mains), IIT advance and neet exams. As you all know that Chemistry 12th course is also important for the students who are preparing for competitive exams like SSC, Railways, BPSC, UPSC, NDA and other exams as general science. We shall request you all read this article till end. You can also download the complete syllabus very easily. Its link has been provided just below.
Chemistry 12 Syllabus 2025: Download Pdf Easily
In Chemistry 12 Syllabus 2025, there are total 10 chapters in theory paper. Out of which, first three chapters are physical chemistry, two of them are inorganic chemistry and last five chapters are organic chemistry. These 10 chapters are followings:
- Solution
- Electrochemistry
- Chemical Kinetics
- d and f block elements
- Coordination compounds
- Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
- Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
- Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids
- Amines
- Biomolecules
Chapterwise topics in Chemistry 12 Syllabus 2025.
We shall know in detail about all the important topics prescribed by NCERT Syllabus in each chapter for Chemistry 12 Syllabus session 2024 – 2025. These topics are followings:
Unit 1. Solution: Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, Henry’s law, Rault law, colligative properties ~ relative lowering of vapour pressure, Elevation in boiling point, Depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure. Determination of molecular masses using colligative properties, abnormal molecular masses. Van’t Hoff factor.
Unit 2. Electrochemistry: Redox reactions, conduction in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variation of conductivity with concentration, Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell. Kohlrausch’s law, electrolysis and Laws of electrolysis (elementary ideas), dry cell ~ electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, lead accumulator, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its applications to chemical cells, fuel cells, corrosion.
Unit 3. Chemical Kinetics: Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous), factors affecting the rates of reaction; concentration, temperature, catalyst, order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations and half life (only for zero and first order of reaction), concepts of collisions theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment) activation energy, Arrhenius equation.
Unit 4. d and f Block Elements : General Introduction, electronic configuration, occurrences and characteristics of transition elements, general trends in properties of the first row transition metals- metallic character, Ionisation enthalpy, oxidation state, Ionic radii, catalytic properties, interstitial compounds alloy formation, preparation and properties of of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.
Lanthanoids- electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity and lanthanoids contraction and its effects.
Actinoids- Electronic configuration, oxidation states and Comparison with Lanthanoids.
Unit 5. Coordination Compounds: coordination compounds- Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, bonding, Werner theory, VBT and CFT, isomerism, Importance of coordination compounds in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and biological system.
Unit 6. Haloalkanes and Haloarenes: Nomenclature, nature of C -X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions, Haloarenes: Nature of C – X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of halogens for monosubstituted compounds only), uses and environmental effects of- dichloromethane, trichloromethane, terra Chloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT.
Unit 7. Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers:
Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols; mechanism of dehydration, uses of methanol and ethanol.
Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of Phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of Phenols.
Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, Uses. ( this portion has been deleted)
Unit 8. Aldehydes, ketones and Carboxylic acids
Aldehydes and ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes, uses of aldehydes and ketones. Carboxylic acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, Uses.
Unit 9. Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, Uses, Diazonium salts : its preparation, chemical reactions and Importance in synthetic organic chemistry.
Unit 10. Biomolecules: carbohydrates (aldoses and ketoses), Monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), oligosaccharides (sucrose, maltose, lactose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen), Importance. Proteins: elementary idea of a- amino acids, peptide bonds, polypeptides, proteins, primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins, enzymes. Vitamins: classification and function. Nucleic acids: DNA and RNA.
Distribution of marks and Periods chapter wise in Chemistry 12 Syllabus 2025.
| Chapters | NO. of periods | Marks |
| Solution | 10 | 7 |
| Electrochemistry | 12 | 9 |
| Chemical kinetics | 10 | 7 |
| d and f block elements | 12 | 7 |
| Coordination compounds | 12 | 7 |
| Haloalkanes and Haloarenes | 10 | 6 |
| Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers | 10 | 6 |
| Aldehydes, ketones and Carboxylic acids | 10 | 8 |
| Amines | 10 | 6 |
| Biomolecules | 12 | 7 |
| Total | 108 | 70 |
Practical Syllabus for Chemistry 12 Syllabus 2025.
A. Surface chemistry.
Preparation of one lyophilic and one lyophobic sol. Lyophilic sol: starch, albumin, gum and egg.
Lyophobic sol: Aluminium hydroxide, ferric hydroxide and arsenous sulphide.
(b) Dialysis of sol prepared in (a) above.
(c) study of the role of emulsifying agent in stabilizing the emulsion of different sol.
B. Chemical kinetics.
(a) Effect of concentration and temperature on the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid
(b) Study of the rate of reaction of any one of the following:
- Reaction of Iodine ion with hydrogen peroxide at room temperature using different concentrations of Iodine ions.
- Reaction between Potassium iodate (KIO3) and sodium sulphite (Na2SO3) using starch solution as indicator (clock reaction)
C. Thermochemistry. Any one of the following experiments.
- Enthalpy of dissolution of Copper sulphate or potassium nitrate.
- Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid (HCl) and strong base (NaOH).
- Determination of enthalpy change during interaction (Hydrogen bond formation) between acetone and chloroform.
D. Electrochemistry
Variation of cell potential in Zn/Zn2+ ll Cu2+/Cu with change in concentration of electrolyte (CuSO4 or ZnSO4) at room temperature.
E. Chromatography.
1. Separation of pigments from extracts of leaves and flowers by paper chromatography and determination of Rf values.
2. Separation of constituents present in an inorganic mixture containing two cations only (constituents having large difference in Rf values to be provided).
F. Preparation of inorganic compounds. Preparation of double salt of ferrous aluminium sulphate or potash alum. Preparation of Potassium ferric oxalate.
G. Preparation of organic compounds. Acetanilide, Di- benzal acetone, p- Nitroacetanilide, Aniline yellow or 2- Napthol anillinedye.
H. Tests for the functional groups present in organic compounds.
Unsaturation, alcoholic, phenolic, aldehydic, ketonic, carboxylic and amino (primary) groups.
I. Characteristic test of proteins, fats and carbohydrates in pure samples and their detection in given food stuffs.
J. Determination of concentration/ molarity of KMnO4 solution by titrating it against a standard solution of:
1. Oxalic acid
ll. Ferrous ammonium sulphate
(Students will be required to prepare standard solution by weighing themselves)
K. Qualitative analysis
Determination of one cation and anion in a given salt:
Cation: Pb2+, Cu2+, As3+, Al3+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Ca,2+ Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4+
Anion: (CO3)2-, S2-, (SO3)2-, (NO2)–, (SO4)2-, Cl–, Br–, I–, (PO4)3-, (C2O4)2-, CH3COO–, (NO3)–.
(Insoluble salts are excluded)
Evaluation Schemes for Practical exam in Chemistry 12 Syllabus 2025
| Evaluation Topics | Marks |
| Volumetric analysis | 08 |
| Salt analysis | 08 |
| Content based experiment | 06 |
| Project work | 04 |
| Class record and Viva | 04 |
| Total | 30 |
PROJECTS in Chemistry 12 Syllabus 2025
- Scientific investigations involving laboratory testing and collecting information from other sources. A few suggested projects.
- Study of the presence of guava fruit at different stages of ripening.
Study of quantity of casein present in different samples of milk. - Preparation of soybean milk and its Comparison with the natural milk with respect to curd formation, effect of temperature etc.
- Study of the effect of sodium bisulphate as food preservative under various conditions (temperature, concentration, time etc.)
- Study of digestion of starch by salivary amylase and effect of pH and temperature on it.
- Comparative study of the rate of fermentation of following materials: wheat flour, gram flour, potato juice, carrot juice etc.
- Extraction of essential oils present in saunf (aniseed), Ajwain (carum), Illachi (cardamom).
- Study of common food adulterants in fat, butter, oil, sugar, turmeric powder, chilli powder and pepper.
Note: Any other investigatory project, which involves about 10 periods of work, can be chosen with the approval of the teacher.
Summary of Chemistry 12 Syllabus 2025
Chemistry 12 Syllabus 2025 has been explained properly in this article. All the topics regarding chemistry syllabus for both sessions theoratical and Practical have been discussed with periods and evaluating marks. This is the final syllabus for the session 2024 – 2025. We hope that this syllabus will be very helpful in the preparation of 12th board exams. If you have any confusion or queries, you can comment and suggest through our contact us or email. You are also requested to share this post among your friends and favourites. Thank you.
FAQ in Chemistry 12 Syllabus 2025
Q.No 1.How many chapters are in 12th chemistry?
Ans:- According to NCERT Syllabus, there are only 10 chapters in 12th chemistry. The same course is valid for CBSE and state level boards.
Q.No 2. Is 12th chemistry easy?
Ans:- 12th chemistry is easy but needs consistency, dedication and proper study plan.
Q.No 3.How to score 90+ in class 12?
Ans:- If you follow our tips, there is no doubt to score 90+ in class 12.
- Read the ncert books regularly over and again.
- Solve intext and exercise questions.
Solve previous year questions. - Understand the exam patterns and start preparation according to this pattern.
- Always participate in test exams and improve scoring marks.
Q.No 4.Is 26 out of 80 pass?
Ans:- Yes, you are right. As per the passing criteria for CBSE 2024, a student must secure a minimum of 26 marks out of 80 to pass the theory examination of particular subjects.
Q.No 5.Is CBSE 500 or 600?
Ans:- Final Result is declared out of 500 marks.